So, I tried a number of things all of which failed. This is how I got it to work for me:
> perl -le 'printf "%.4f\t%.4f\n", rand(), rand() for 1 .. 20' \ | R --vanilla --slave -e\ "data=read.delim(pipe('cat /dev/stdin'), header=F);\ cor.test(data\$V1, data\$V2)"
You have to remember to escape any special characters in the R script (
$
in this case).